By: Scott Deamond
Personalized medicine is a rapidly evolving field of health care that focuses on the adaptation of all treatments and interventions for a specific individual. One of the first areas that the concept of personalized medicine has been applied to breast cancer. Breast cancer is a widespread disease, which currently can be treated with several different drugs. However, until recently, there was no way to determine which drugs are most effective for patients with cancer. Now, several tests based on genetics and proteomics have reached the market. These tests, including proteomics-based tests can not predict which medications work for a person with a high degree of accuracy. As new technologies emerge and mature, oncologists may prescribe specific treatments to an individual, resulting in greater efficiency and avoid waste of time and to cancel the side effects. Being able to identify effective treatments will also mean a substantial savings.
Cancer is a highly individualized disease The American Cancer Society estimates that about 1.5 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year in the United States and more than 550,000 died from the disease. In 2009, the National Institutes of Health in 2008 estimated the direct medical costs (total health expenditure) was 93.2 billion U.S. dollars the total cost (including loss of productivity due to illness and death) of 228, 1 000 billion. These costs are rising, driven by an increase in early detection and aging of the population.
Because each tumor has specific characteristics, drug treatment should be targeted on priority. Effective treatment is based on the selection of a specific drug, which is subject to the individual patient's tumor (s). Unfortunately, there are often significant side effects and costs that can exceed $ 30,000 per year for a patient. The need for multiple target detection is important. It is not enough simply to identify the person who may have cancer. Now the challenge is to develop a personalized treatment that will take proper care of your disease.
Anticancer drugs approved by FDA based on clinical trial results of a population of cancer patients. A response rate of 20-30% can win a medication approved by the FDA. These results based on the population can not be applied directly to patients because cancer is a disease very individualized.
There is currently no standard practice for the optimal choice of chemotherapy.
A series of commercial tests based on genomic prognostic and predictive classification of breast cancer entered the expanding market for diagnostics. The tests based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) now dominate the landscape of the diagnostic test for breast cancer. In this context, these two techniques are often used to evaluate HER-2 and hormone receptor status. Evaluations of test results allow physicians to accurately select patients who could benefit from appropriate therapy. This market is currently dominated by large established companies that offer products approved by the FDA.
More recently, a series of commercial tests based on genomic prognostic and predictive classification of breast cancer entered the expanding market for diagnostics. Genomic analysis to examine the expression of a unique set of genes that may indicate cancer recurrence or possible response to treatment. These tests are currently used primarily to predict recurrence of breast cancer and have expanded the indications for hormone receptor status and HER-2. The competition in this segment is based on the introduction of testing with different sets of genes and many more.
The current market leaders are genomic Genomic Health, which offers the Oncotype DX and Agendia test that offers the MammaPrint. These tests analyze the expression of genes and are directed to the prediction of recurrence of breast cancer. Although genomics is a promising technology, there are limitations. These tests are generally applicable only to a subset of patients with cancer and are far from normal. They show a great variability, and because the tissue is homogenized for this type of analysis, all senses of the topography and the heterogeneity of tissues lost. Interpretation of gene-based tests can also be difficult. A single gene can produce a variety of different proteins, indicating the potential of a given cancer cell.
Another type of diagnostic test based on proteomics, or analyze proteins in breast cancer. proteomics research is important because proteins are responsible for the structure and functions of all living things.Direct protein analysis to produce a better picture of the actual response of tumor cells will be given treatment. Proteomics-based cancer tests is available in the CCC Diagnostics, which markets DirectHit Panel on Breast Cancer (directhittest.com). DirectHit panel of breast cancer is a quantitative immunofluorescence-based technology. Unlike other tests, may be standardized DirectHit specific reference standards for operators between the laboratory and the repeatability of the laboratory. DirectHit provides simultaneous quantitative analysis of five biomarkers for display in an area of interest can be applied to predict the effectiveness of cytotoxic drugs. DirectHit dichotomizes management decision with great precision.
Recent clinical trials have shown that DirectHit Panel on breast cancer demonstrated a higher predictive accuracy for the results of treatment with anti-estrogen and trastuzumab than IHC. Furthermore DirectHit displayed extraordinary predictive accuracy of response to chemotherapy (88%). DirectHit also showed specificity for the prediction of extreme resistance (100%).
You no longer need treatment for breast cancer only, which should be good news for physicians and their patients.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Scott Deamond
Cancer is a highly individualized disease The American Cancer Society estimates that about 1.5 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year in the United States and more than 550,000 died from the disease. In 2009, the National Institutes of Health in 2008 estimated the direct medical costs (total health expenditure) was 93.2 billion U.S. dollars the total cost (including loss of productivity due to illness and death) of 228, 1 000 billion. These costs are rising, driven by an increase in early detection and aging of the population.
Because each tumor has specific characteristics, drug treatment should be targeted on priority. Effective treatment is based on the selection of a specific drug, which is subject to the individual patient's tumor (s). Unfortunately, there are often significant side effects and costs that can exceed $ 30,000 per year for a patient. The need for multiple target detection is important. It is not enough simply to identify the person who may have cancer. Now the challenge is to develop a personalized treatment that will take proper care of your disease.
Anticancer drugs approved by FDA based on clinical trial results of a population of cancer patients. A response rate of 20-30% can win a medication approved by the FDA. These results based on the population can not be applied directly to patients because cancer is a disease very individualized.
There is currently no standard practice for the optimal choice of chemotherapy.
A series of commercial tests based on genomic prognostic and predictive classification of breast cancer entered the expanding market for diagnostics. The tests based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) now dominate the landscape of the diagnostic test for breast cancer. In this context, these two techniques are often used to evaluate HER-2 and hormone receptor status. Evaluations of test results allow physicians to accurately select patients who could benefit from appropriate therapy. This market is currently dominated by large established companies that offer products approved by the FDA.
More recently, a series of commercial tests based on genomic prognostic and predictive classification of breast cancer entered the expanding market for diagnostics. Genomic analysis to examine the expression of a unique set of genes that may indicate cancer recurrence or possible response to treatment. These tests are currently used primarily to predict recurrence of breast cancer and have expanded the indications for hormone receptor status and HER-2. The competition in this segment is based on the introduction of testing with different sets of genes and many more.
The current market leaders are genomic Genomic Health, which offers the Oncotype DX and Agendia test that offers the MammaPrint. These tests analyze the expression of genes and are directed to the prediction of recurrence of breast cancer. Although genomics is a promising technology, there are limitations. These tests are generally applicable only to a subset of patients with cancer and are far from normal. They show a great variability, and because the tissue is homogenized for this type of analysis, all senses of the topography and the heterogeneity of tissues lost. Interpretation of gene-based tests can also be difficult. A single gene can produce a variety of different proteins, indicating the potential of a given cancer cell.
Another type of diagnostic test based on proteomics, or analyze proteins in breast cancer. proteomics research is important because proteins are responsible for the structure and functions of all living things.Direct protein analysis to produce a better picture of the actual response of tumor cells will be given treatment. Proteomics-based cancer tests is available in the CCC Diagnostics, which markets DirectHit Panel on Breast Cancer (directhittest.com). DirectHit panel of breast cancer is a quantitative immunofluorescence-based technology. Unlike other tests, may be standardized DirectHit specific reference standards for operators between the laboratory and the repeatability of the laboratory. DirectHit provides simultaneous quantitative analysis of five biomarkers for display in an area of interest can be applied to predict the effectiveness of cytotoxic drugs. DirectHit dichotomizes management decision with great precision.
Recent clinical trials have shown that DirectHit Panel on breast cancer demonstrated a higher predictive accuracy for the results of treatment with anti-estrogen and trastuzumab than IHC. Furthermore DirectHit displayed extraordinary predictive accuracy of response to chemotherapy (88%). DirectHit also showed specificity for the prediction of extreme resistance (100%).
You no longer need treatment for breast cancer only, which should be good news for physicians and their patients.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Scott Deamond
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